The composite preparation of phase changes materials
Emberation, direct additive, and encapsulation are the most commonly used techniques to mix phase-change materials with materials for building envelopes and get them into practical stages.
(1) Impregnation is a method that involves submerging porous material in molten materials with phase change. Then, using capillary motion to adsorb these phase changes materials, the impregnation method can be used. The benefits of this process include simple material acquisition and preparation of phase changing building materials from normal building materials whenever and wherever needed. The liquid phase changes material cannot flow when the top tension of the main material exceeds that of the liquid. Gypsum board works well with various phase change material, including SUNIC acid, methyl ester, and a mixture of lauric and sulfonic acids.
(2) The Direct-Addition method: It involves the direct addition phase change materials in building materials preparation. These advantages include a quick process, low cost, and uniform distribution. Feldman et al. Feldman et.al. Research has shown that indoor temperature fluctuations can be reduced significantly by phase change board made of gypsum.
(3) Packaging method The two main types of packaging are micro package and macro package. It is used for encapsulating phase change material in small containers (e.g., pipes, bags etc.). Microencapsulation is the process of encapsulating phase change materials (PCMs), into polymer films. Both materials and their components are compatible. It has the advantage of having a larger heat transfer area. This means that heat transfer effects are good. But the envelope structure’s strength might be lower.
One type of composite material which is prepared via encapsulation, the shape-stabilized phases change material (or SSPCM), has also been popular in recent years. It is composed of a phase change material (core) as well as polymer materials and encapsulation and capsule material. Because of their high melting point polymer materials play an essential role in composite materials. This allows them to build a network structure which can be encapsulated through capsules. The composite material itself has some strength but is very difficult to leak. Its stored energy is comparable to the ordinary phase changes materials.
Numerical simulations of heat transport in phase change material
ANSYS remains the standard software used for phase transformation analysis. American finite element manufacturer, ANSYS developed it. It includes all functions related to structure, fluid, electric, magnetic, sound, and thermal analysis. Because phase transition involves latent heat absorption/release, it’s a non-linear thermoanalysis problem. ANSYS analyzes phase transformation, which is one of the main functions. ANSYS analyzes latent heating of materials and defines enthalpy (product density, specific heat, and integration of heat) which simplifies calculation.
Sun Xiao (and others) used Ansys’ powerful non-linear analyze function to simulate temperatures in a composite phase switch wall made from paraffin and gypsum. The ribbed structure aids in heat storage for phase change material. Chai Guiorong created a mathematical model based ANSYS software. It calculates and analyzes the heat transfer characteristics, as well energy saving effects of phase changing walls made with concrete with different thicknesses. According to the calculations, increasing the strength of the shape stabilized phase changing material can have a significant energy-saving impact. This is because the fluctuations amplitudes at wall surfaces decrease linearly when the material thickness increases.
Conclusion
Though the research into phase-change materials has been more advanced in theory, many types of phase material aren’t suitable for all engineering fields. Future research is focused on the development of phase change material suitable for different situations. Additionally, traditional techniques and processes remain in place for the preparation of phase changes materials. Microcapsules are a promising encapsulation method that has recently been proposed by researchers. It is difficult to know how to integrate phase changes into matrix materials. This remains the subject of much research.
As computer technology advances rapidly, researchers increasingly use it to simulate phase change issues. Furthermore, the validity of simulation results is well documented, which provides more efficient methods for studying phase change materials. You can build a more exact mathematical model by looking at the whole picture. Future generations will find the general law useful. Additionally, software tools for phase changes analysis are rare, which makes it crucial to design software programs that perform better.
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